Technology, Science and the Environment.

[leicsmac]

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-47809500

 

Saddening.

[leicsmac]

https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-47793459

 

Absolutely worth the watch.

[Buce]

46 minutes ago, leicsmac said:

https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-47793459

 

Absolutely worth the watch.

 

Yep, and what it shows is that all we need is for the rich and powerful to decide that the health of the planet, and the future of mankind, is more important than their need for accumulating more wealth than they could ever need.

 

We're fvcked, aren't we?

[Countryfox]

2 minutes ago, Buce said:

 

Yep, and what it shows is that all we need is for the rich and powerful to decide that the health of the planet, and the future of mankind, is more important than their need for accumulating more wealth than they could ever need.

 

We're fvcked, aren't we?

 

Yep ...   fraid so.     

[leicsmac]

37 minutes ago, Buce said:

 

Yep, and what it shows is that all we need is for the rich and powerful to decide that the health of the planet, and the future of mankind, is more important than their need for accumulating more wealth than they could ever need.

 

We're fvcked, aren't we?

1

Cynical side says yep, royally, in every possible way.

 

Optimist side says not just yet...there's still time.

[leicsmac]

https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-47832920

 

Fascinating stuff!

[leicsmac]

https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-47848344

 

Ice core data and what we can glean from it is amazing.

[leicsmac]

https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-47873592

 

For decades, we were pretty sure that black holes existed as we knew them theoretically, but had no direct observational evidence of them.

 

Until today.

[Carl the Llama]

With all the excitement over the black hole photograph it got me thinking I don't actually know much about them beyond being a well of gravity so strong that even light can't escape... does that mean that instead of a hole we're actually looking at a super dense, massive planet sucking everything 'nearby' towards it with its ridiculous gravity?

[leicsmac]

Just now, Carl the Llama said:

With all the excitement over the black hole photograph it got me thinking I don't actually know much about them beyond being a well of gravity so strong that even light can't escape... does that mean that instead of a hole we're actually looking at a super dense, massive planet sucking everything 'nearby' towards it with its ridiculous gravity?

Yes, black holes are spherical rather than 2D circular or some kind of "pit" - the models theorised this, this photo practically proves it.

 

I wouldn't say it "sucks stuff in", though - the gravity it has acts in the same way as any other gravitational source and so it's perfectly easy for matter to orbit it and escape from it up to the event horizon, the idea of black holes being cosmic vacuum cleaners is a bit off.

[Trav Le Bleu]

10 minutes ago, leicsmac said:

https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-47873592

 

For decades, we were pretty sure that black holes existed as we knew them theoretically, but had no direct observational evidence of them.

 

Until today.

They could have at least got the focus right.

 

 

On a more serious note, surely this is a photo of the effects of a black hole, rather than a black hole per se?

Might as well photograph the wind.

[leicsmac]

8 minutes ago, Trav Le Bleu said:

They could have at least got the focus right.

 

 

On a more serious note, surely this is a photo of the effects of a black hole, rather than a black hole per se?

Might as well photograph the wind.

If they were just taking a picture of the matter being ejected without any obvious origin, then I would agree - it would be like taking a picture of wind damage from a hurricane.

 

However, what they have here rather clearly shows the black hole itself at the centre in the same way the centre of a hurricane manipulates clouds through pressure changes - and we don't say that we take pictures of the effects of hurricanes, rather than hurricanes themselves.

[CollinsLCFC]

7 hours ago, leicsmac said:

https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-47873592

 

For decades, we were pretty sure that black holes existed as we knew them theoretically, but had no direct observational evidence of them.

 

Until today.

Its incredible. Einstein theorised black holes through maths, 100 years ago and now here we are. 

 

In books and study's in the future for hundreds of years, this date will be significant, they day we had could trueky evidence the black hole and we are alive to witness it. 

 

Its a huge shame that Stephen Hawkins passed away shortly before this day, as he of all people should have been around to witness it. 

[leicsmac]

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/04/09/magazine/climate-change-politics-economics.html

 

“If we’re going to succeed on climate policy, it will be by giving people a vision of what’s in it for them, a positive vision of how it matters for their life and their kids.”

 

This is what it's going to come down to, really - as much as anyone sane and with a modicum of knowledge knows the situation and what needs to be done for the sake of the future, you aren't going to get the necessary amount of support without appealing to people base thoughts; namely, themselves and their personal immediate futures.

[leicsmac]

https://www.space.com/spacex-falcon-heavy-triple-rocket-landing-success.html

 

Best hat trick since Vardy v Man City.

[davieG]

Britain has broken its record for the longest continuous period without generating electricity from coal.

The National Grid said on Monday afternoon that the coal-free period has so far lasted 89 hours.

It is the longest period since the industrial revolution and breaks the previous record set in April 2018 of 76 hours and 10 minutes.

The government plans to phase out Britain's last coal power plants by 2025 to cut greenhouse gases.

[yorkie1999]

31 minutes ago, davieG said:

Britain has broken its record for the longest continuous period without generating electricity from coal.

The National Grid said on Monday afternoon that the coal-free period has so far lasted 89 hours.

It is the longest period since the industrial revolution and breaks the previous record set in April 2018 of 76 hours and 10 minutes.

The government plans to phase out Britain's last coal power plants by 2025 to cut greenhouse gases.

Well, we weren’t producing lecci from wind turbines yesterday that’s for sure, they weren’t even turning off the Skegy coast. Must be gas fired power stations

[davieG]

Scientists find cocaine in shrimps in Suffolk rivers
4 hours ago

Researchers collected freshwater shrimp from rivers in Suffolk
Scientists found cocaine in freshwater shrimps when testing rivers for chemicals, a study said.

Researchers at King's College London, in collaboration with the University of Suffolk, tested 15 different locations across Suffolk.

Their report said cocaine was found in all samples tested. Other illicit drugs, such as ketamine, were also widespread in the shrimp.

The researchers said it was a "surprising" finding.

Professor Nic Bury, from the University of Suffolk, said: "Whether the presence of cocaine in aquatic animals is an issue for Suffolk, or more widespread an occurrence in the UK and abroad, awaits further research.

"Environmental health has attracted much attention from the public due to challenges associated with climate change and microplastic pollution.

"However, the impact of 'invisible' chemical pollution (such as drugs) on wildlife health needs more focus in the UK."

 

The study, published in Environment International, looked at the exposure of wildlife, such as the freshwater shrimp Gammarus pulex, to different micropollutants.

Researchers collected the samples from the rivers Alde, Box, Deben, Gipping and Waveney.

They said in addition to the drugs, banned pesticides and pharmaceuticals were also widespread in the shrimp that were collected.

The potential for any effect on the creatures was "likely to be low", they said.

Scientists collected samples from 15 sites in Suffolk, including River Alde
Dr Leon Barron, from King's College London, said: "Such regular occurrence of illicit drugs in wildlife was surprising.

"We might expect to see these in urban areas such as London, but not in smaller and more rural catchments.

"The presence of pesticides which have long been banned in the UK also poses a particular challenge as the sources of these remain unclear."

 

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-48117678

[Buce]

5 minutes ago, davieG said:

Scientists find cocaine in shrimps in Suffolk rivers
4 hours ago

Researchers collected freshwater shrimp from rivers in Suffolk
Scientists found cocaine in freshwater shrimps when testing rivers for chemicals, a study said.

Researchers at King's College London, in collaboration with the University of Suffolk, tested 15 different locations across Suffolk.

Their report said cocaine was found in all samples tested. Other illicit drugs, such as ketamine, were also widespread in the shrimp.

The researchers said it was a "surprising" finding.

Professor Nic Bury, from the University of Suffolk, said: "Whether the presence of cocaine in aquatic animals is an issue for Suffolk, or more widespread an occurrence in the UK and abroad, awaits further research.

"Environmental health has attracted much attention from the public due to challenges associated with climate change and microplastic pollution.

"However, the impact of 'invisible' chemical pollution (such as drugs) on wildlife health needs more focus in the UK."

 

The study, published in Environment International, looked at the exposure of wildlife, such as the freshwater shrimp Gammarus pulex, to different micropollutants.

Researchers collected the samples from the rivers Alde, Box, Deben, Gipping and Waveney.

They said in addition to the drugs, banned pesticides and pharmaceuticals were also widespread in the shrimp that were collected.

The potential for any effect on the creatures was "likely to be low", they said.

Scientists collected samples from 15 sites in Suffolk, including River Alde
Dr Leon Barron, from King's College London, said: "Such regular occurrence of illicit drugs in wildlife was surprising.

"We might expect to see these in urban areas such as London, but not in smaller and more rural catchments.

"The presence of pesticides which have long been banned in the UK also poses a particular challenge as the sources of these remain unclear."

 

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-48117678

 

This is a disgrace and I want to know who is responsible.

 

Dealing to schoolkids is one thing but dealing to aquatic wildlife is simply unacceptable.

[Strokes]

54 minutes ago, davieG said:

Scientists find cocaine in shrimps in Suffolk rivers
4 hours ago

Researchers collected freshwater shrimp from rivers in Suffolk
Scientists found cocaine in freshwater shrimps when testing rivers for chemicals, a study said.

Researchers at King's College London, in collaboration with the University of Suffolk, tested 15 different locations across Suffolk.

Their report said cocaine was found in all samples tested. Other illicit drugs, such as ketamine, were also widespread in the shrimp.

The researchers said it was a "surprising" finding.

Professor Nic Bury, from the University of Suffolk, said: "Whether the presence of cocaine in aquatic animals is an issue for Suffolk, or more widespread an occurrence in the UK and abroad, awaits further research.

"Environmental health has attracted much attention from the public due to challenges associated with climate change and microplastic pollution.

"However, the impact of 'invisible' chemical pollution (such as drugs) on wildlife health needs more focus in the UK."

 

The study, published in Environment International, looked at the exposure of wildlife, such as the freshwater shrimp Gammarus pulex, to different micropollutants.

Researchers collected the samples from the rivers Alde, Box, Deben, Gipping and Waveney.

They said in addition to the drugs, banned pesticides and pharmaceuticals were also widespread in the shrimp that were collected.

The potential for any effect on the creatures was "likely to be low", they said.

Scientists collected samples from 15 sites in Suffolk, including River Alde
Dr Leon Barron, from King's College London, said: "Such regular occurrence of illicit drugs in wildlife was surprising.

"We might expect to see these in urban areas such as London, but not in smaller and more rural catchments.

"The presence of pesticides which have long been banned in the UK also poses a particular challenge as the sources of these remain unclear."

 

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-48117678

That’s one way of smuggling them in.

[Grebfromgrebland]

This is fascinating on how China produces food sustainably

 

Answer to How is China able to provide enough food to feed its population of over 1 billion people? Do they import food or are they self-sustainable? by Janus Dongye https://www.quora.com/How-is-China-able-to-provide-enough-food-to-feed-its-population-of-over-1-billion-people-Do-they-import-food-or-are-they-self-sustainable/answer/Janus-Dongye?ch=3&share=45cbbe6b&srid=uk4c5

 

[Grebfromgrebland]

Seeing is believing. Open your Google Earth and have a look at what is really going on in China from above. Western media won’t normally tell you about this.

I will guide you through and point you where to look at.

Here are the coordinates:

Location 1: Ningde Bay, Fujian, China (26°43'02.8"N 119°57'45.2"E)

Our first destination is the coastal area in Fujian province.

If we zoom in, we can find millions of floating houses and cages on the sea surface.

If you look around the coastline from Zhejiang province to Guangdong province along the 1000 miles, you can see those floating cages are virtually “everywhere”.

What are those? They are actually Chinese “seafood farms”.

Instead of going out to the oceans and catching wild seafood, why not stay in the same place and raise your own seafood? And you can actually make more money with much less effort from raising fish, shrimps, crabs, lobsters, clams, etc.

It is not just sea or ocean waters that are being farmed, Chinese farmers find any possible open water such as reservoirs, rivers, lakes for farming their seafood/freshwater food.

Imagine each of the cages contains tens of fishes and crabs. That’s A LOT of FISH!

So how much seafood does China consume?

It is estimated that the global demand for seafood consumption is 143.8 million tonnes per year and China alone has the largest seafood consumption (65 million tonnes, 45% of global consumption), followed by the European Union (13 million tonnes), Japan (7.4 million tonnes), the United States (7.1 million tonnes) and India (4.8 million tonnes). (Source: EU SCIENCE HUB)

As we know, both China and India have a similar population but China consumes 12 times moreseafood than India, despite the fact that India is in a better geographical position surrounded by warmer oceans in a tropical fishing-rich region.

Among the 65 million tonnes of seafood consumed in China, only 15 million tonnes are caught from the wild, the rest of 50 million tonnes are all raised by aquaculture “farming”. In contrast, 90% of Japanese seafood consumption is from wild catch. Thanks to seafood farming, normal Chinese families can afford cheap seafood in their daily meal. This is a typical family get-together dinner settings: You can see lots of them are seafood!

This vlog shows how a bigger Chinese family enjoys steamed seafood. The whole table only costs around $120 US dollars.

 

Location 2: Nanxun, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China (30°46'14.5"N 120°09'02.9"E)

Our next destination is the vast flood plain of between the Yangtze River, Taihu Lake, and Qiantang River. Thanks to the abundance of fresh water carrying nutrients from the river upstream, this area is so productive that it has raised over 100 million people here. And it is one of the most densely populated areas of China. This area is very similar to the flood plains in Bangladesh, West Bengal in India, Saigon in Vietnam etc.

What have the Chinese done differently compared to other densely populated flooded plains in India and Bangladesh?

Instead of growing rice, the Chinese have been growing a variety of “water food” that can sell at higher prices and makes them become richer than if they were growing rice. If you zoom in, you will find millions of fish ponds instead of rice fields. Besides the fish ponds, you might identify lots of green trees grown around them.

These trees are mulberry trees used for silkworm farming. Over the past two thousand years, the Chinese have developed many sophisticated and sustainable agriculture ecosystems around these areas. One most famous eco-cycle is the fish-mulberry tree-silk cycle as shown in the following graph:

Chinese farmers have been exploiting the ecosystem in fish, silk farming for thousands of years without knowing the concept of “sustainable development”. Nowadays, it is evolved into multiple cycles of “recycling” on the same land:

However, in order to raise more fish in the ponds, you need an aerator that pumps air into the water, otherwise, the fishes would not have enough oxygen to breathe. In the following picture, the aerator is the white dot in the centre of each pond.

Having an aerator requires every fish pond to be connected to electricity. How to generate electricity for the aerators? Yes, you are right: have solar panels.

From Google Earth, you can see that solar panel fish ponds are already taking over some of the traditional mulberry fish ponds in China. Some of the areas in Huzhou area have already installed solar panels.

Above picture: The left is the traditional mulberry fish ponds. The right is the latest solar power fish ponds.

Local fishermen and farmers are actually forced to learn the latest solar technology and sustainable techniques provided by professionals from the local Chinese government.

Why are the local Chinese governments so eager to promote high tech to the local farmers? In order for an official to gain promotion to the next rank, he or she has to demonstrate their “government performance”. Solar panel fish ponds is one of the best indicators for “promotion” as it fits well in the sustainable development initiative.

From this, you might understand why China has dominated the world’s silk production (84%), and freshwater fish production (66%) and solar energy generation (25.8%). In the Zhejiang, Jiangsu area, rural people eat fish almost every day. Some say that’s why people from these regions are more clever than other regions of China.

Eco-cycle option 2: lotus root - fish

In some fish ponds, you can also grow other kinds of vegetables while raising fish. One of the most widely grown vegetables is the lotus root. China lotus root production is 11 million tonnes which accounts for 90% of world production and 60% of the world export. Not only Chinese people like to eat them, but most of the lotus root production is exported to Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.

Lotus roots are one of my favourite vegetables too, I hope China can promote this delicious root for the rest of the world to enjoy as well.

Eco-cycle option 3: canola oil - bee- fish & crab

You can also grow rapeseed using the same principle. Instead of using fertilizers, at each winter, Chinese farmers dig the “nutrient mud” from the bottom of the water and stack on the bank. And then they grow different plants such as rapeseeds or taros on the mud. After thousands of years of continuous cultivation, the field has become something like this:

Location: Duotian(垛田镇), Xinghua, Jiangsu, China 32°56'51.9"N 119°51'50.4"E

There are no roads. You can only navigate around using boats. Of course, that is why China is also the leading world producer of rapeseed oil (22% of global production).

Not to mention the massive beekeeping industry that thrived on the rape flowers in China, China takes over 30% of the global honey production.

Actually, one-third of the honey consumed in the US are directly or indirectly from China. To avoid tariffs from the US, Chinese honey exporters would first export their honey to India, Philippines and Malaysia. Then they change labels and alter them to domestic production and sell them to the US. I’m sure this happens to other products too.

https://www.downtoearth.org.in/c...

One Third Of America's Honey May Be A Dangerous And Illegal Import From China

Besides honey, this area is also where the most famous Chinese mitten crabs are produced. They can sell at $60 per kilo, therefore only the middle-class Chinese can afford this.

Location 3: Shouguang, Shandong, China (36°44'15.9"N 118°44'14.7"E)

Our third destination is the great plain area in Shandong province.

If we zoom in, we can find millions of reflecting “shiny” houses on the plain area. Try looking around, it is “everywhere”.

What are those? They are greenhouses designed to provide regulated and controlled conditions such as temperatures and humidity for vegetables and fruits to grow.

In the greenhouse, you can grow all kinds of different vegetables and fruits several times per year regardless of the time of the year. That means you can get several times more vegetable and fruit yield compared to a normal field.

For example, you need at least 52 days to grow lettuce from seeds until you can harvest them in a greenhouse. That means you can grow 7 times each year. That is 7x efficiency.

Therefore greenhouses can significantly improve agriculture output in a limited space, which sounds perfect to the Chinese. Eager for promotion, local Chinese government officials in Northern China have therefore forced their constituency —the local farmers to install greenhouses with loans from the “Chinese Rural Cooperative Bank”.

What’s worse, they also forced them to install IoT based surveillance system in their greenhouses. Farmers are forced to be taught in a “reeducation camp” to use their mobile phones to monitor the status in the greenhouse including CO2, light strength, soil temperature, etc.

As a result, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation, the vegetable and fruit production and consumption of China is around 700 million tonnes, which is 40% of the world consumption. Compared to India (180 million), China achieved 3.8x the amount of vegetable and fruit production, despite most of the population in India claim to be vegetarians, and despite the fact that the arable land in China is less than India. The secret key is the greenhouse.

List of largest producing countries of agricultural commodities - Wikipedia

Thanks to greenhouses, Chinese people can enjoy cheaper and a bigger variety of vegetables than any other country in the world all year round. You can check Wikipedia, basically, China tops the chart in almost every kind of non-tropical vegetable production, far outpacing second place. There are vegetables that are not ranked because they are only specific to East Asia, such as the “garlic chives” (韭菜).

Similarly, for fruit production, China tops the global chart in almost every kind of non-tropical fruit production, far outpacing second place as well.

I was once pranked and called as “racist” when I invited a black friend over for a summer BBQ with lots of watermelons. I proved my innocence by showing him these statistics:

In Japan, a watermelon typically costs 2000 yen ($18) and in China, you can afford a much larger watermelon just in 10RMB ($1.5). And watermelons in China are sweeter if they’re grown in Xinjiang. If you love watermelons or any other melons, come to China, especially Kumul in Xinjiang.

Location 4: Lhasa, Tibet, China (29°41'52.3"N 91°09'18.6"E)

Our fourth destination is also about greenhouses but in Tibet. Use your Google Earth and navigate to any town in Tibet. You will always find greenhouses.

I mean, the Chinese government has also forced Tibetans to build a massive amount of greenhouses on the Tibetan plateau. Those Tibetans have no time to go to temples for worshipping any more, instead, they have to work in the greenhouses taking care of tomatoes. This is why Dalai Lama is not so happy to hear this.

As a result, the average vegetable price in Tibet has reduced by 90% over the past decade and they don’t have to import vegetables from nearby provinces anymore. Most of the Tibetans can finally afford to eat watermelons. Who doesn’t like eating watermelons?

You know that most Tibetans historically only eat yak meat, milk, cheese, and bread? They couldn’t grow anything in such a harsh climate. Only monks could have the luxury to eat vegetables. Now it is the solid proof that the Chinese government didn’t just destroy temples in Tibetan culture but helped them eat vegetables and fruits.

Location 5: Kokdala, Ili, Xinjiang, China 43°43'51.2"N 80°35'21.5"E.

Kokdala is a city in northern Xinjiang, China, bordering Kazakhstan's Almaty Region to the west. And here is the satellite image of the border between China and Kazakhstan.

And you can clearly see there are more green farms on the Chinese side. On Kazakhstan's side, there is nothing but barren lands.

And actually, these lands are just wasted land as their soils are too acid and there is limited water to grow any food. You can only count on the water from the melting glaciers in the surrounding mountains. For people in Kazakhstan, it is too expensive to grow and they don’t have a big market to sell their products. That’s why those Kazakhs in Kazakhstan decided not to cultivate on those lands.

On the Chinese side, all the barren lands are cultivated by the special division of the Chinese government: XPCC Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps - Wikipedia. This is a state enterprise with a military background. XPCC has amassed 2.6 million employees and farmers including Uyghurs and Hans and operate as a giant organisation. Therefore due to its scale, the cost of operation can be reduced and their market can be directly connected to the whole Chinese market.

Since the past three decades, XPCC has been sending its agriculture professionals to Israel every year to learn Israeli’s most advanced agriculture technology in a similar desert climate. Those Chinese students then returned to China and started cultivating those lands using the latest technology such as drip irrigation etc. Once they found those technologies can actually mature into profits, they would sell some of the newly cultivated lands to local Uyghur, Han, and Kazakhs families or hire them directly in the cooperations.

Some of these Uyghurs, Kazakhs are sent to the reeducation camps and they are forced to learn Mandarin Chinese and the latest drip irrigation techniques to save water and reduce costs. Moreover, each village is assigned with one or more communist party members to guide them through to make sure that they don’t mess up the newly cultivated land.

Yes, the drip irrigation technique can significantly reduce water usage and cost. Thanks to the Israeli and domestic Chinese technology, they make the barren land in Xinjiang more and more fertile and productive.

[UniFox21]

5 hours ago, davieG said:

Scientists find cocaine in shrimps in Suffolk rivers
4 hours ago

Researchers collected freshwater shrimp from rivers in Suffolk
Scientists found cocaine in freshwater shrimps when testing rivers for chemicals, a study said.

Researchers at King's College London, in collaboration with the University of Suffolk, tested 15 different locations across Suffolk.

Their report said cocaine was found in all samples tested. Other illicit drugs, such as ketamine, were also widespread in the shrimp.

The researchers said it was a "surprising" finding.

Professor Nic Bury, from the University of Suffolk, said: "Whether the presence of cocaine in aquatic animals is an issue for Suffolk, or more widespread an occurrence in the UK and abroad, awaits further research.

"Environmental health has attracted much attention from the public due to challenges associated with climate change and microplastic pollution.

"However, the impact of 'invisible' chemical pollution (such as drugs) on wildlife health needs more focus in the UK."

 

The study, published in Environment International, looked at the exposure of wildlife, such as the freshwater shrimp Gammarus pulex, to different micropollutants.

Researchers collected the samples from the rivers Alde, Box, Deben, Gipping and Waveney.

They said in addition to the drugs, banned pesticides and pharmaceuticals were also widespread in the shrimp that were collected.

The potential for any effect on the creatures was "likely to be low", they said.

Scientists collected samples from 15 sites in Suffolk, including River Alde
Dr Leon Barron, from King's College London, said: "Such regular occurrence of illicit drugs in wildlife was surprising.

"We might expect to see these in urban areas such as London, but not in smaller and more rural catchments.

"The presence of pesticides which have long been banned in the UK also poses a particular challenge as the sources of these remain unclear."

 

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-48117678

You'd genuinely be horrified if you knew the level of antibiotics, pesticides etc that accumulated in the rivers and wildlife. It's scary the impacts we have on our surroundings

[Bobby Hundreds]

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-48117678 

Edited 2 May 2019 by Bobby Hundreds

[UniFox21]

1 minute ago, Bobby Hundreds said:

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-48117678 

The further you dig the worse it gets  I did a bit of work on this topic in my 2nd year and you find a lot of crap is dumped in by us.